كود البرنامج : EU-14584

---

Course Introduction:

 

In an ideal a.c. power system, the voltage and frequency at every supply point would be the constant and free from harmonics, and the power factor would be unity. Most Industrial loads have lagging power factors. That is they absorb reactive power. The load current therefore tends to be larger than is required to supply the real power alone. Only the real power is ultimately useful in energy conversion and the excess load current represents a waste to the consumer, who has to pay not only for the excess cable capacity to carry it but also for the excess joule loss produced in the supply cables.

 

The supply utilities also have good reasons for not transmitting unnecessary reactive power from generators to loads. Their generators and distribution networks cannot be used at full efficiency, and the control of voltage in the supply system can become more difficult. Supply tariffs to industrial consumers almost always penalize low power factor loads.

 

It is much more practical and economical to size the power system according to the maximum demand for real power, and to manage the reactive power by means of compensators and other equipment which can be deployed more flexible than generating units and which make no contribution to fault levels.

 

Most a.c. power systems are three-phases, and are designed for balanced operation. Unbalanced operation gives rise to components of current in the wrong phase sequence (i.e. negative and zero sequence components). Such components can have undesirable effects, including additional losses in motor and generator units, oscillating torque in a.c. machines, increased ripple reactive In rectifier, malfunctions of several types of equipment, saturation of transformers, and excessive neutral currents. The load compensation improves the phase balancing and power factor correction of unsymmetrical loads. Many utilities need this particular course, which cover the illustration of main concepts of reactive power management using actual case studies.

 

 

Course Objectives:

Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas

· To review the history for Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas.

· To understand the ATEX directives & CE marking for the Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas

· To understand the mechanism of different EX protection techniques. .

· To exchange experience for the installation, troubleshooting, and commissioning.

· To understand the needs of Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas.

· To select the Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas as per Zone classification.

· To practice Electrical Equipment selection in Hazardous Areas by an example in a sister company

· To overview the Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas related IEC 60079 & API 505 standards.

 

 

Who Should Attend?

This course is intended for Electrical Engineers, Electrical Maintenance Engineers, Electrical Senior Technicians, Instr & Control Engineers with an interest or hand on, in operation and installation and troubleshoot of Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas.

 

 

Course Outline:

INTRODUCTION TO OFFSHORE FIELD DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

Background and trends in offshore production

Review of developments using fixed platforms and floating production systems

Steps in the field development process and the range of vessels which support those activities

DAY ONE

Introduction to the course – objectives

Pre assessment test

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS 

PRESENT SITUATION 

ELEMENTS OF HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATION 

Mixtures of Gases, Vapors and Air

HAZARDOUS AREA ZONES ( IEC 60079-10, API RP 505)

Non-hazardous Area

Zone 2 Hazardous Area 

Zone 1 Hazardous Area 

Zone 0 Hazardous Area

DAY TWO

TYPES OF PROTECTION FOR HAZARDOUS AREAS 

Type of Protection 'd'; IEC 60079-1

Type of Protection 'e'; IEC 60079-7

Type of Protection 'i'; IEC 60079-11, IEC 60079-25, IEC 60079-27

Type of Protection 'm'; IEC 60079-18

Type of Protection 'N and 'n'; IEC 60079-15

Type of Protection 'o'; IEC 60079-6

Type of Protection 'p'; IEC 60079-2

Type of Protection 'q'; IEC 60079-5

Type of Protection's'; IEC 60079-16

Type of Protection 'de'

DAY THREE

Standards of EX protection

IEC 60079

API RP 505

TYPES OF PROTECTION FOR INGRESS OF WATER AND SOLID PARTICLES 

European Practice & American Practice

DAY FOUR

CERTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS AREA EQUIPMENT 

MARKING OF EQUIPMENT NAMEPLATES

Egyptian LNG case study:

Hazardous gas listing

Area classification aspects

Detailed area classification drawings

Train area classification

DAY FIVE

Tips for Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Areas

Selection tips

Maintenance tips

Review for course pending Q&A

Review for course objectives

Course feedback

Review for pre assessment test

Post assessment test

Certificates distributions & close out